Blue-green algae or cyanobacteria are gram-negative bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis. They have a huge resistance to adverse conditions due to their simple construction. Typically, they occur in lakes, ponds and slow-moving streams but they can survive even in hostile environment due to their simple construction.
Massive development of cyanobacteria is caused by the accumulation of nutrients in stagnant water (eutrophication). Algae Blooms can cause human allergic reactions manifesting by skin irritation. They also pose a risk due to the production of dangerous toxins responsible for vomiting, headache and liver problems.
On the basis of a study by doc. RNDr. B. Maršálek, Ph.D. (Masaryk University in Brno, Faculty of Science) and Prof. RNDr. R. Zbořil, Ph.D. (Palacký University in Olomouc, Faculty of Science), nanoparticles of elemental iron were proved for environmentally friendly cyanobacteria elimination.
Blue-green algae removal by ENVIFER (potassium ferrate) seems to be even more promising. The product was tested by the team of scientists mentioned above and showed the ability to eliminate cyanobacteria as well as the nutrients needed for their growth (e.g. phosphates and nitrates). At the same time, the product exhibit low toxicity towards water organisms, such as Daphnia magna and fish.